當今世上 已知十大最毒物種....(冷知識) [附圖]
本帖最後由 aia 於 2009-8-7 03:39 編輯
Here are photos of world’s top ten most poisonous animals.
1. Jelly Fish![]()
(Image credits: jlambusphotography)
wiki 中--澳洲箱形水母(俗稱海黃蜂)是世界最毒的動物之一，其重要特徵是傘體呈立體箱形狀以及有四條較粗壯的觸手，它的刺細胞所釋出的毒性比眼鏡蛇還要毒，可以讓人在幾分鐘內死亡。
The top prize for “The World Most Venomous Animal,” would go to the Box Jellyfish. It has caused at least 5,567 recorded deaths since 1954. Their venom is among the most deadly in the world. It’s toxins attack the heart, nervous system, and skin cells. And the worst part of it is that jelly box venom is so overpoweringly painful, that human victims go in shock, drown or die of heart failure before even reaching shore. Survivors experience pain weeks after the contact with box jellies.
You have virtually no chance to survive the venomous sting, unless treated immediately. After a sting, vinegar should be applied for a minimum of 30 seconds. Vinegar has acetic acid, which disables the box jelly’s nematocysts that have not yet discharged into the bloodstream (though it will not alleviate the pain). Wearing panty hose while swimming is also a good prevention measure since it can prevent jellies from being able to harm your legs.
Jelly box can be found in the waters around Asia and Australia.
2. King Cobra![]()
(Image credits: Enygmatic-Halycon)
wiki 中--眼鏡王蛇（學名：Ophiophagus hannah），又名眼鏡蛇王，在廣東、香港等地又俗稱過山烏，而牠亦有很多別稱，像過山冤、蛇王等。是現今最大的陸生毒蛇類，平均長度為3-4米，最大紀錄為5.7米。(為啥廣東/香港又暱稱?!因為他們喜歡吃呀~)
眼鏡王蛇雖被稱作"眼鏡蛇"，但牠們卻屬於不同的種類。眼鏡王蛇是屬於特殊的屬種"食蛇種"，一般分別在於體型與背部花紋：眼鏡王蛇的普通體型要較其他眼鏡蛇大，而頸部上則沒有眼鏡的花紋，而是^字型的斑紋，體色通常為黑色，有白色條紋，而在不同地區的亞種亦有褐色、棕色等的顏色，而眼鏡王蛇的攻擊性也較其他眼鏡蛇要來得高而且會更兇猛。
被眼鏡王蛇咬傷的死亡率高達75%，就像黑曼巴蛇一樣，眼鏡王蛇被認為是世上最致命的蛇之一。
眼鏡王蛇是很危險的蛇，但幸運的是牠們會像其他中大型的毒蛇一樣，盡量避免與人類接觸，可是當地盤受到侵犯時，眼鏡王蛇也會作出兇狠的攻擊。言而，眼鏡王蛇也被認為是世上最聰明的一種毒蛇。
The King Cobra (Ophiophagus hannah) is the world’s longest venomous snake - growing up to 5.6 m (18.5 ft) in length. Ophiophagus, literally means “snake-eater” as it eats other snakes. One single bite of this deadly snake can easily kill a human. This snake is even capable of killing a full-grown Asian Elephant within 3 hours if the larger animal is bitten in a vulnerable area such as the trunk.
It’s venom is not as toxic as other venomous snakes, but King Cobra is capable of injecting 5 times more venom than black mamba and can result in mortality up to 5 times faster than that of the black mamba. It is quite widespread, ranging across South and South-east Asia, living in dense highland forests.
3. Marbled Cone Snail![]()
(Image credits: Wikipedia)
wiki--英 更詳盡的介紹(英)包括圖解
This little beautiful looking Marbled Cone snail can be as deadly as any other animal on this list. One drop of its venom is so powerful that it can kill more than 20 humans. If you ever happen to be in warm salt water environment (where these snails are often found) and see it, don’t even think of picking it up. Of course, the true purpose of its venom is to catch its prey.
Symptoms of a cone snail sting can start immediately or can be delayed in onset for days. It results in intense pain, swelling, numbness and tingling. Severe cases involve muscle paralysis, vision changes and breathing failure. There is no antivenom. However, only about 30 human deaths have been recorded from cone snail envenomation.
4. Blue Ringed Octopus![]()
(Image credits: Tom Weilenmann)
wiki--藍圈章魚是已知毒性最猛烈的有毒動物之一。另一種頭足綱動物－火焰墨魚也能製造與藍圈章魚相似的毒素。儘管體型相當小，一隻藍圈章魚所攜帶的毒素卻足以在數分鐘內一次殺死26名成年人
The Blue-Ringed Octopus is very small, only the size of a golf ball, but its venom is so powerful that can kill a human.
Actually it carries enough poison to kill 26 adult humans within minutes, and there is no antidote. They are currently recognized as one of the world’s most venomous animals.
Its painless bite may seem harmless, but the deadly neurotoxins begin working immediately resulting in muscular weakness, numbness, followed by a cessation and breathing and ultimately death.
They can be found in tide pools in the Pacific Ocean, from Japan to Australia.
5. Deathstalker Scorpion![]()
(Image credits: furryscaly)
出處繁中--學名：Leiurus quinquestriatus
英文名：Deathstalker Scorpion
分佈：中東、北非等地
野生棲地：沙漠
性情：極兇惡
毒性：極強(致命)世界第一毒蠍！
體型：公 7~8cm、母 8~10cm
成長速度：中等
適合溫度：25~32度
適合溼度：40~55%
備註：此品是世界公認的第一毒蠍，動作迅速、攻擊性極強，建議準備一支較長的鐵夾以策安全。
Contrarily to the popular belief most of the scorpions are relatively harmless to humans as stings produce only local effects (pain, numbness or swelling).
However, the Death Starker Scorpion is highly dangerous species because its venom is a powerful cocktail of neurotoxins which causes an intense and unbearable pain, then fever, followed by coma, convulsions, paralysis and death.
Fortunately, while a sting from this scorpion is extremely painful, it would be unlikely to kill a healthy, adult human. Young children, the old, or infirm (with a heart condition) are at the biggest risk.Death stalker scorpions are spread in North Africa and Middle East.
6. Stone Fish![]()
(Image credits: laszlo-photo)
wiki--英
wiki--中 本魚體平扁，前部寬約等於體高。頭大，形狀不規則。口大斜裂近垂直。體無鱗，皮粗厚，身上有許多大小形狀不一之皮質突起。體色多變化，體側有3條寬橫帶，胸鰭前後各有一條弧狀寬紋，中間及外端則色淡。背鰭連續，背鰭棘12~14，基部有毒腺，能分泌神經毒，足令人致命。體長可達40公分。
Maybe Stonefish would never win a beauty contest, but it would definitely win the top prize for being “The World Most Venomous Fish”.
Its venom causes such a severe pain that the victims of its sting want the affected limb to be amputated. It is described as the worst pain known to man. It is accompanied with possible shock, paralysis, and tissue death. If not given medical attention within a couple of hours It can be fatal to humans.
Stonefish stores its toxins in gruesome-looking spines that are designed to hurt would-be predators.
Stonefish mostly live above the tropic of Capricorn, often found in the shallow tropical marine waters of the Pacific and Indian oceans, ranging from the Red Sea to the Queensland Great Barrier Reef.
7. Wandering Spider![]()
(Image credits: Wikipedia)
在世界的另一邊，生長著巴西漫遊蜘蛛（Brazilian Wandering Spider）。這種蜘蛛全身都張滿細毛，醜陋無比。作為世界上最致命的蜘蛛，它的毒性僅次於雪梨漏斗網蜘蛛。2007年吉尼斯世界紀錄命名它為世界上最惡毒的蜘蛛，因為它能夠對受害者注射1至2毫克的毒液。您可以在它脖子上的紅色毛髮上檢驗一下。像漏斗形蜘蛛，巴西流浪蜘蛛很有侵略傾向且被稱為狩獵蜘蛛。如同其他毒蜘蛛，這種蜘蛛的毒液影響受害者的鈉離子，尤其肌肉和感覺細胞。一旦被咬，需立即住院。
The Brazilian Wandering Spider (Phoneutria) or banana spider appears in the Guinness Book of World Records 2007 for the most venomous spider and is the spider responsible for most human deaths.
This spider is believed to have the most potent neurotoxic venom of any living spider. Only 0.006mg (0.00000021oz) is sufficient to kill a mouse. They are also so dangerous because of their wandering nature. They often hide during daytime in highly populated areas inside houses, clothes, boots, and cars.
Its venomous bite causes not only intense pain, the venom of the spider can also cause priapism - uncomfortable erections lasting for many hours that lead to impotence.
8. Inland Taipan
![]()
(Image credits: kleinmatt66)
(wiki 中)-->內陸太攀蛇，學名Oxyuranus Microlepidotus，也叫兇猛太攀蛇，是全世界最強毒性的陸棲蛇種，一次毒液就可殺死20萬隻老鼠，身長為2-2.5公尺，頭部呈黑色，是太攀蛇的親戚，分佈於澳洲中部，以青蛙為食物。兇猛太攀蛇生性害羞，當防禦時，身體會離開地面。
The prize for “The World’s Most Venomous Snake” goes to the Inland Taipan of Australia. Just a single bite from this snake contains enough venom to kill 100 human adults or an army of 250,000 mice.
Its venom is at least 200 - 400 times more toxic than a common cobra.
The Inland Australia’s extremely neurotoxic venom can kill an adult human in as little as 45 minutes. Fortunately this snake is very shy and there have been no documented human fatalities (all known bites were treated with antivenin).
9. Dart Frog![]()
(Image credits: ucumari)
wiki--中 天藍叢蛙（學名為Dendrobates azureus）是箭毒蛙科（也稱樹棘蛙科），首先在南美洲蘇利南的西帕利維（Sipaliwini）區被發現。這種蛙目前生活在南蘇利南的河流的兩岸。蘇利南政府全面禁止捕捉和偷運藍蛙，所以目前它的數目相當的可觀。在巴西和蓋亞那也有一定數量的分佈。
天藍叢蛙一般有著藍色的皮膚並有著黑色的斑塊。在黑暗處皮膚呈深藍寶石色，而在明處直接發磷光，讓人震驚於它的不同尋常的顏色。它的體長3到4厘米之間，壽命可達到5年。然而這種蛙是絕對不能碰的，因為它的皮腺能產生強毒，對大多數的人和動物都有致命的威脅。
If you ever happen to be running through the rain forests somewhere in Central or South America, do not ever pick up beautiful and colorful frogs - it can be the Poison Dart Frog. This frog is probably the most poisonous animal on earth.
The 2 inch long (5cm) golden poison dart frog has enough venom to kill 10 adult humans or 20,000 mice. Only 2 micrograms of this lethal toxin (the amount that fits on the head of a pin) is capable of killing a human or other large mammal.
They are called “dart frogs” because indigenous Amerindians’ use of their toxic secretions to poison the tips of their blow-darts. Poison dart frogs keep their poison in their skins and will sicken or kill anybody who touches or eats it.
10. Puffer Fish![]()
(Image credits: Wikipedia)
wiki--中 (重定向自河魨毒素)
河豚普遍分佈在世界各地北緯45度至南緯45度之間的海水、淡水等水域。河魨普遍具有膨脹身體的能力，能夠將大量的水或空氣吸入極具彈性的胃中，使身體大小膨脹數倍，以嚇阻掠食者。同時，大多數四齒魨科以及箱魨科的河魨，分別具有劇毒河魨毒素及箱魨毒素，依品種分佈於內臟、肌肉、血液、皮膚等等不同部位，毒性並隨季節有所變化。河豚肝最毒，但富含Omega-3脂肪酸，而且味道可口，1975年日本傳奇歌舞伎演員三代目坂東三津五郎吃了四份河豚肝，中毒身亡，日本政府之後便下令禁吃河豚肝。《五雜俎》稱河豚的精巢為「西施乳」。
河魨肉極度美味，是中國「長江三鮮」（河豚、刀魚、鰣魚）之首，江蘇揚中產的河魨則是長江中最好的。蘇軾曾寫下「蔞蒿滿地蘆芽短，正是河豚欲上時」，並曾說河豚味道「值那一死」。每年春季都會有無數美食愛好者紛紛來到揚中，品嘗河魨的美味，但時因料理不當或品種分辨不清，造成意外中毒死亡，因而古有「拚死吃河豚——勉強從事」的說法。現在河魨的研究以日本研究最深，在日本，河魨的料理均需嚴格訓練領有執照的廚師才能夠進行。日本已養殖出無毒河豚。養殖則以中國大陸為大宗，每年皆飼養輸出大量河魨至日本等地。
Puffer Fish are the second most poisonous vertebrate on earth (the first one is golden dart Frog). The meat of some species is a delicacy in both Japan (as fugu) and Korea (as bok-uh) but the problem is that the skin and certain organs of many puffer fish are very poisonous to humans.
This puffy fish produce rapid and violent death..Puffer’s poisoning causes deadening of the tongue and lips, dizziness, vomiting, rapid heart rate, difficulty breathing, and muscle paralysis. Victims die from suffocation as diaphragm muscles are paralyzed. Most of the victims die after four to 24 hours. There is no known antidote, Most deaths from fugu happen when untrained people catch and prepare the fish.
Statistics show that there were 20 to 44 incidents of fugu poisoning per year between 1996 and 2006 in all of Japan and up to six incidents per year led to death. Since Fugu’s poison can cause near instantaneous death, only licensed chefs are allowed to prepare it.
出處
這幾個物種 都有秒殺的本事唷!!!![]()
******************************************我算是 在台灣海邊長大的孩子!!其實在海邊真有看過 "2.竽螺"(不同種)&"6.俗稱"石頭公"的魚~ 我們應該很慶幸~全世界最多毒性強烈的動物/昆蟲大多集中在古大陸~如非洲 & 大洋洲!!******************************************
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Here are photos of world’s top ten most poisonous animals.
1. Jelly Fish
(Image credits: jlambusphotography)
wiki 中--澳洲箱形水母(俗稱海黃蜂)是世界最毒的動物之一，其重要特徵是傘體呈立體箱形狀以及有四條較粗壯的觸手，它的刺細胞所釋出的毒性比眼鏡蛇還要毒，可以讓人在幾分鐘內死亡。
The top prize for “The World Most Venomous Animal,” would go to the Box Jellyfish. It has caused at least 5,567 recorded deaths since 1954. Their venom is among the most deadly in the world. It’s toxins attack the heart, nervous system, and skin cells. And the worst part of it is that jelly box venom is so overpoweringly painful, that human victims go in shock, drown or die of heart failure before even reaching shore. Survivors experience pain weeks after the contact with box jellies.
You have virtually no chance to survive the venomous sting, unless treated immediately. After a sting, vinegar should be applied for a minimum of 30 seconds. Vinegar has acetic acid, which disables the box jelly’s nematocysts that have not yet discharged into the bloodstream (though it will not alleviate the pain). Wearing panty hose while swimming is also a good prevention measure since it can prevent jellies from being able to harm your legs.
Jelly box can be found in the waters around Asia and Australia.
2. King Cobra
(Image credits: Enygmatic-Halycon)wiki 中--眼鏡王蛇（學名：Ophiophagus hannah），又名眼鏡蛇王，在廣東、香港等地又俗稱過山烏，而牠亦有很多別稱，像過山冤、蛇王等。是現今最大的陸生毒蛇類，平均長度為3-4米，最大紀錄為5.7米。(為啥廣東/香港又暱稱?!因為他們喜歡吃呀~)
眼鏡王蛇雖被稱作"眼鏡蛇"，但牠們卻屬於不同的種類。眼鏡王蛇是屬於特殊的屬種"食蛇種"，一般分別在於體型與背部花紋：眼鏡王蛇的普通體型要較其他眼鏡蛇大，而頸部上則沒有眼鏡的花紋，而是^字型的斑紋，體色通常為黑色，有白色條紋，而在不同地區的亞種亦有褐色、棕色等的顏色，而眼鏡王蛇的攻擊性也較其他眼鏡蛇要來得高而且會更兇猛。
被眼鏡王蛇咬傷的死亡率高達75%，就像黑曼巴蛇一樣，眼鏡王蛇被認為是世上最致命的蛇之一。
眼鏡王蛇是很危險的蛇，但幸運的是牠們會像其他中大型的毒蛇一樣，盡量避免與人類接觸，可是當地盤受到侵犯時，眼鏡王蛇也會作出兇狠的攻擊。言而，眼鏡王蛇也被認為是世上最聰明的一種毒蛇。
The King Cobra (Ophiophagus hannah) is the world’s longest venomous snake - growing up to 5.6 m (18.5 ft) in length. Ophiophagus, literally means “snake-eater” as it eats other snakes. One single bite of this deadly snake can easily kill a human. This snake is even capable of killing a full-grown Asian Elephant within 3 hours if the larger animal is bitten in a vulnerable area such as the trunk.
It’s venom is not as toxic as other venomous snakes, but King Cobra is capable of injecting 5 times more venom than black mamba and can result in mortality up to 5 times faster than that of the black mamba. It is quite widespread, ranging across South and South-east Asia, living in dense highland forests.
3. Marbled Cone Snail
(Image credits: Wikipedia)wiki--英 更詳盡的介紹(英)包括圖解
This little beautiful looking Marbled Cone snail can be as deadly as any other animal on this list. One drop of its venom is so powerful that it can kill more than 20 humans. If you ever happen to be in warm salt water environment (where these snails are often found) and see it, don’t even think of picking it up. Of course, the true purpose of its venom is to catch its prey.
Symptoms of a cone snail sting can start immediately or can be delayed in onset for days. It results in intense pain, swelling, numbness and tingling. Severe cases involve muscle paralysis, vision changes and breathing failure. There is no antivenom. However, only about 30 human deaths have been recorded from cone snail envenomation.
4. Blue Ringed Octopus
(Image credits: Tom Weilenmann)wiki--藍圈章魚是已知毒性最猛烈的有毒動物之一。另一種頭足綱動物－火焰墨魚也能製造與藍圈章魚相似的毒素。儘管體型相當小，一隻藍圈章魚所攜帶的毒素卻足以在數分鐘內一次殺死26名成年人
The Blue-Ringed Octopus is very small, only the size of a golf ball, but its venom is so powerful that can kill a human.
Actually it carries enough poison to kill 26 adult humans within minutes, and there is no antidote. They are currently recognized as one of the world’s most venomous animals.
Its painless bite may seem harmless, but the deadly neurotoxins begin working immediately resulting in muscular weakness, numbness, followed by a cessation and breathing and ultimately death.
They can be found in tide pools in the Pacific Ocean, from Japan to Australia.
5. Deathstalker Scorpion
(Image credits: furryscaly)出處繁中--學名：Leiurus quinquestriatus
英文名：Deathstalker Scorpion
分佈：中東、北非等地
野生棲地：沙漠
性情：極兇惡
毒性：極強(致命)世界第一毒蠍！
體型：公 7~8cm、母 8~10cm
成長速度：中等
適合溫度：25~32度
適合溼度：40~55%
備註：此品是世界公認的第一毒蠍，動作迅速、攻擊性極強，建議準備一支較長的鐵夾以策安全。
Contrarily to the popular belief most of the scorpions are relatively harmless to humans as stings produce only local effects (pain, numbness or swelling).
However, the Death Starker Scorpion is highly dangerous species because its venom is a powerful cocktail of neurotoxins which causes an intense and unbearable pain, then fever, followed by coma, convulsions, paralysis and death.
Fortunately, while a sting from this scorpion is extremely painful, it would be unlikely to kill a healthy, adult human. Young children, the old, or infirm (with a heart condition) are at the biggest risk.Death stalker scorpions are spread in North Africa and Middle East.
6. Stone Fish
(Image credits: laszlo-photo)wiki--英
wiki--中 本魚體平扁，前部寬約等於體高。頭大，形狀不規則。口大斜裂近垂直。體無鱗，皮粗厚，身上有許多大小形狀不一之皮質突起。體色多變化，體側有3條寬橫帶，胸鰭前後各有一條弧狀寬紋，中間及外端則色淡。背鰭連續，背鰭棘12~14，基部有毒腺，能分泌神經毒，足令人致命。體長可達40公分。
Maybe Stonefish would never win a beauty contest, but it would definitely win the top prize for being “The World Most Venomous Fish”.
Its venom causes such a severe pain that the victims of its sting want the affected limb to be amputated. It is described as the worst pain known to man. It is accompanied with possible shock, paralysis, and tissue death. If not given medical attention within a couple of hours It can be fatal to humans.
Stonefish stores its toxins in gruesome-looking spines that are designed to hurt would-be predators.
Stonefish mostly live above the tropic of Capricorn, often found in the shallow tropical marine waters of the Pacific and Indian oceans, ranging from the Red Sea to the Queensland Great Barrier Reef.
7. Wandering Spider
(Image credits: Wikipedia)在世界的另一邊，生長著巴西漫遊蜘蛛（Brazilian Wandering Spider）。這種蜘蛛全身都張滿細毛，醜陋無比。作為世界上最致命的蜘蛛，它的毒性僅次於雪梨漏斗網蜘蛛。2007年吉尼斯世界紀錄命名它為世界上最惡毒的蜘蛛，因為它能夠對受害者注射1至2毫克的毒液。您可以在它脖子上的紅色毛髮上檢驗一下。像漏斗形蜘蛛，巴西流浪蜘蛛很有侵略傾向且被稱為狩獵蜘蛛。如同其他毒蜘蛛，這種蜘蛛的毒液影響受害者的鈉離子，尤其肌肉和感覺細胞。一旦被咬，需立即住院。
The Brazilian Wandering Spider (Phoneutria) or banana spider appears in the Guinness Book of World Records 2007 for the most venomous spider and is the spider responsible for most human deaths.
This spider is believed to have the most potent neurotoxic venom of any living spider. Only 0.006mg (0.00000021oz) is sufficient to kill a mouse. They are also so dangerous because of their wandering nature. They often hide during daytime in highly populated areas inside houses, clothes, boots, and cars.
Its venomous bite causes not only intense pain, the venom of the spider can also cause priapism - uncomfortable erections lasting for many hours that lead to impotence.
8. Inland Taipan
(Image credits: kleinmatt66)(wiki 中)-->內陸太攀蛇，學名Oxyuranus Microlepidotus，也叫兇猛太攀蛇，是全世界最強毒性的陸棲蛇種，一次毒液就可殺死20萬隻老鼠，身長為2-2.5公尺，頭部呈黑色，是太攀蛇的親戚，分佈於澳洲中部，以青蛙為食物。兇猛太攀蛇生性害羞，當防禦時，身體會離開地面。
The prize for “The World’s Most Venomous Snake” goes to the Inland Taipan of Australia. Just a single bite from this snake contains enough venom to kill 100 human adults or an army of 250,000 mice.
Its venom is at least 200 - 400 times more toxic than a common cobra.
The Inland Australia’s extremely neurotoxic venom can kill an adult human in as little as 45 minutes. Fortunately this snake is very shy and there have been no documented human fatalities (all known bites were treated with antivenin).
9. Dart Frog
(Image credits: ucumari)wiki--中 天藍叢蛙（學名為Dendrobates azureus）是箭毒蛙科（也稱樹棘蛙科），首先在南美洲蘇利南的西帕利維（Sipaliwini）區被發現。這種蛙目前生活在南蘇利南的河流的兩岸。蘇利南政府全面禁止捕捉和偷運藍蛙，所以目前它的數目相當的可觀。在巴西和蓋亞那也有一定數量的分佈。
天藍叢蛙一般有著藍色的皮膚並有著黑色的斑塊。在黑暗處皮膚呈深藍寶石色，而在明處直接發磷光，讓人震驚於它的不同尋常的顏色。它的體長3到4厘米之間，壽命可達到5年。然而這種蛙是絕對不能碰的，因為它的皮腺能產生強毒，對大多數的人和動物都有致命的威脅。
If you ever happen to be running through the rain forests somewhere in Central or South America, do not ever pick up beautiful and colorful frogs - it can be the Poison Dart Frog. This frog is probably the most poisonous animal on earth.
The 2 inch long (5cm) golden poison dart frog has enough venom to kill 10 adult humans or 20,000 mice. Only 2 micrograms of this lethal toxin (the amount that fits on the head of a pin) is capable of killing a human or other large mammal.
They are called “dart frogs” because indigenous Amerindians’ use of their toxic secretions to poison the tips of their blow-darts. Poison dart frogs keep their poison in their skins and will sicken or kill anybody who touches or eats it.
10. Puffer Fish
(Image credits: Wikipedia)wiki--中 (重定向自河魨毒素)
河豚普遍分佈在世界各地北緯45度至南緯45度之間的海水、淡水等水域。河魨普遍具有膨脹身體的能力，能夠將大量的水或空氣吸入極具彈性的胃中，使身體大小膨脹數倍，以嚇阻掠食者。同時，大多數四齒魨科以及箱魨科的河魨，分別具有劇毒河魨毒素及箱魨毒素，依品種分佈於內臟、肌肉、血液、皮膚等等不同部位，毒性並隨季節有所變化。河豚肝最毒，但富含Omega-3脂肪酸，而且味道可口，1975年日本傳奇歌舞伎演員三代目坂東三津五郎吃了四份河豚肝，中毒身亡，日本政府之後便下令禁吃河豚肝。《五雜俎》稱河豚的精巢為「西施乳」。
河魨肉極度美味，是中國「長江三鮮」（河豚、刀魚、鰣魚）之首，江蘇揚中產的河魨則是長江中最好的。蘇軾曾寫下「蔞蒿滿地蘆芽短，正是河豚欲上時」，並曾說河豚味道「值那一死」。每年春季都會有無數美食愛好者紛紛來到揚中，品嘗河魨的美味，但時因料理不當或品種分辨不清，造成意外中毒死亡，因而古有「拚死吃河豚——勉強從事」的說法。現在河魨的研究以日本研究最深，在日本，河魨的料理均需嚴格訓練領有執照的廚師才能夠進行。日本已養殖出無毒河豚。養殖則以中國大陸為大宗，每年皆飼養輸出大量河魨至日本等地。
Puffer Fish are the second most poisonous vertebrate on earth (the first one is golden dart Frog). The meat of some species is a delicacy in both Japan (as fugu) and Korea (as bok-uh) but the problem is that the skin and certain organs of many puffer fish are very poisonous to humans.
This puffy fish produce rapid and violent death..Puffer’s poisoning causes deadening of the tongue and lips, dizziness, vomiting, rapid heart rate, difficulty breathing, and muscle paralysis. Victims die from suffocation as diaphragm muscles are paralyzed. Most of the victims die after four to 24 hours. There is no known antidote, Most deaths from fugu happen when untrained people catch and prepare the fish.
Statistics show that there were 20 to 44 incidents of fugu poisoning per year between 1996 and 2006 in all of Japan and up to six incidents per year led to death. Since Fugu’s poison can cause near instantaneous death, only licensed chefs are allowed to prepare it.
出處
這幾個物種 都有秒殺的本事唷!!!
******************************************我算是 在台灣海邊長大的孩子!!其實在海邊真有看過 "2.竽螺"(不同種)&"6.俗稱"石頭公"的魚~ 我們應該很慶幸~全世界最多毒性強烈的動物/昆蟲大多集中在古大陸~如非洲 & 大洋洲!!******************************************
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